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Civil nuclear programmes require the development of strong national institutions, while nuclear facilities are subject to robust regulation and international conventions. One of those, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), undertakes the signatory countries to not pursue a nuclear weapons programme.
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) carries out further inspections and ensures that fissile material in NPT signatory countries is not diverted for weapons use.
Nuclear techniques can also help enhance security in other fields, with applications in airport security, forensics and crime scene investigation. E.g., neutron scanning devices can be used to detect explosives, drugs or weapons.
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